Most backyard chicken keepers today were non raised with chickens together with since chickens don't come upward with a manual or a decoder ring, I've created this illustrated index of chicken-related terms, abbreviations together with lingo commonly used inwards literature, online together with inwards conversations at the feed store. Many of the price bring clickable links to articles on my weblog containing much to a greater extent than information on that topic. I promise it helps!
AMERAUCANA: a bluish egg-laying breed of chicken recognized past times the American Poultry Association, developed inwards the USA inwards the 1970s from Araucana chickens. Traits include: a pea comb, white skin, total tails, muffs and beards (always together) together with slate or dark legs; they bring no ear tufts.
APA: abbreviation for the American Poultry Association. The oldest livestock organization inwards North America; its mission is to promote together with protect the standard-bred poultry manufacture inwards role past times publishing the American Standard of Perfection with breed together with diverseness descriptions of all recognized/APA-approved purebred fowl.
ARAUCANA: A bluish egg-laying breed of chicken originating inwards Chile. Traits include xanthous skin, no tails (aka: rumpless) no beards together with no muffs. Araucanas can possess ear tufts, which are feathers that grow from a slender, fleshy flap only below the ear
BANTAM: a chicken that is roughly ½ the size of a larger, criterion sized counterpart within the same breed.
BANTY slang for bantam.
BARRED ROCK: slang for Barred Plymouth Rock, a chocolate-brown egg-laying breed of chicken developed inwards Massachusetts.
BATOR: slang for incubator
BEARD & MUFFS: short feathers underneath the mentum together with on the sides of a chicken's face. Breeds with muffs ever bring beards too. Beards together with muffs of Ameraucana chickens are ofttimes confused with ear tufts of Araucanas.
BEDDING: Misnomer for the stuff placed on the flooring of a chicken coop for the purpose of absorbing wet from droppings together with facilitate waste materials management, typically pino shavings or sand. Since chickens do non slumber on the flooring of the coop, this flooring roofing is to a greater extent than aptly referred to every bit litter.
BIDDY: slang for laying hen older than i year.
BILL-OUT: using the nib to scoop feed out of a feeder onto the floor.
BIOSECURITY: a programme of affliction prevention inwards a flock.
BLOOM/CUTICLE: the protective coating naturally coating an eggshell that limits wet loss together with prevents bacterial contamination of an its contents.
BROILER: a meat chicken processed for meat at the historic menses of 7-12 weeks or 2½ to 3½ pounds
BROOD: to attention for a grouping of chicks.
BROODER: a secure housing unit of measurement for raising infant chicks containing a oestrus source, water, feed together with litter.
BROODY: a hen inspired past times hormones to sit down inwards a nest to hatch eggs.
BROODY BREAKER: a wire-bottomed cage placed inwards a well-lit location away from the chicken coop intended to interrupt a hen's hormone-induced broody Blue Planet for the do goodness of her wellness together with the welfare of the ease of the flock.
BROODY HEN: a hormone-driven hen that sits inwards a nest box, determined to hatching a clutch of eggs regardless of the presence or absence of eggs.
BUMBLEFOOT: an infection on a chicken’s human foot characterized past times swelling, sometimes redness together with ofttimes a feature dark or chocolate-brown scab on the bottom of the foot. Left untreated, serious cases of bumble human foot tin plow over the sack survive fatal every bit the infection tin plow over the sack spread to other tissues together with bones.
CANDLE/CANDLING: to examine the contents of an egg past times shining a lite through the intact shell.
CAPON: a manlike somebody chickens that has had its reproductive organs surgically removed.
CHICK: a newly hatched chicken.
CHICKEN, backyard: a manlike somebody or woman somebody plane of the genus Gallus, that is commonly raised inwards backyards for egg production, every bit pets together with less commonly, for meat. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 chick is a newly hatched chicken.
CHICKEN RUN: a fenced, outdoor enclosure attached to a chicken coop. aka: pen, run, yard
CLOACA: the expanse within the vent through which digestive together with reproductive tracts empty.
CLUTCH: an accumulation of eggs inwards a nest.
COCCIDIOSIS: a common, highly contagious, ofttimes deadly, intestinal affliction inwards chickens caused past times several species of parasites. The parasites speedily multiply, damaging the intestinal lining, preventing chickens from absorbing nutrients from their food. Coccidioisis is prevented past times keeping housing ready clean together with dry. Outbreaks of the affliction are easily treated with medication.
COCK: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 manlike somebody chicken over i twelvemonth of age, also known every bit a rooster.
COCKEREL: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 manlike somebody chicken less than 1 twelvemonth old.
CANDLE/CANDLING: to examine the contents of an egg past times shining a lite through the intact shell.
CAPON: a manlike somebody chickens that has had its reproductive organs surgically removed.
CHICK: a newly hatched chicken.
CHICKEN, backyard: a manlike somebody or woman somebody plane of the genus Gallus, that is commonly raised inwards backyards for egg production, every bit pets together with less commonly, for meat. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 chick is a newly hatched chicken.
CHICKEN RUN: a fenced, outdoor enclosure attached to a chicken coop. aka: pen, run, yard
CLOACA: the expanse within the vent through which digestive together with reproductive tracts empty.
CLUTCH: an accumulation of eggs inwards a nest.
COCCIDIOSIS: a common, highly contagious, ofttimes deadly, intestinal affliction inwards chickens caused past times several species of parasites. The parasites speedily multiply, damaging the intestinal lining, preventing chickens from absorbing nutrients from their food. Coccidioisis is prevented past times keeping housing ready clean together with dry. Outbreaks of the affliction are easily treated with medication.
COCK: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 manlike somebody chicken over i twelvemonth of age, also known every bit a rooster.
COCKEREL: Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 manlike somebody chicken less than 1 twelvemonth old.
CONFINED FLOCK: chickens that are restricted to a fenced yard/chicken run during the twenty-four hours inwards contrast to free-range chickens that are non bound to the coop together with run area.
CRUMBLES: chicken feed that is crushed into pocket-sized pieces.
CULL: to take away a chicken from the flock past times re-homing or euthanizing
CUTICLE/BLOOM: the moist, protective coating on an eggshell intended to bound wet loss together with forestall bacterial contamination of the egg’s contents.
DE: abbreviation for nutrient flat diatomaceous earth. Food flat DE is a fossilized mineral dust with microscopic, razor-sharp edges that acts every bit a mechanical insecticide, slicing into insects' bodies, dehydrating them to death. Regular exposure to DE is a wellness peril to chickens since, when inhaled, its crystalline silica particles adhere to together with scar their lung tissue. DE loses its effectiveness when wet, hence cannot de-worm, ie: DE cannot eliminate a worm overload from the digestive tract of a chicken mechanically. While in that location are draw minerals inwards DE, in that location are other, much safer, natural sources of draw minerals for chickens to eat without the respiratory wellness run a risk DE poses.
DEPOPULATE: to destroy/euthanize/kill a flock of chickens to halt the spread of disease.
DIATOMACEOUS EARTH: aka, DE. Food flat diatomaceous populace is a fossilized mineral dust with microscopic, razor-sharp edges that acts every bit a mechanical insecticide, slicing into insects' bodies, dehydrating them to death. Regular exposure to diatomaceous populace is a wellness peril to chickens since, when inhaled, its crystalline silica particles adhere to together with scar their lung tissue. Diatomaceous populace loses its effectiveness when wet, hence cannot de-worm chickens, ie: DE cannot eliminate a worm overload from the digestive tract of a chicken mechanically. While in that location are draw minerals inwards DE, in that location are other, much safer, natural sources of draw minerals for chickens to eat without the respiratory wellness run a risk DE poses.
DROPPINGS: chicken poop, which consists primarily of venture digestive waste, H2O together with liquid waste. There is a broad make of normal-looking chicken poop.
DROPPINGS BOARD: a shelf placed underneath roosts inwards a chicken coop to collect chicken droppings produced overnight for removal.
DUST BATH: the chicken equivalent of a shower. Chickens attention for their feathers together with peel past times earthworks shallow ditches inwards soil, mulch, sand, fifty-fifty pino shavings, together with so tossing it onto themselves. The dirt coats their feathers, settling adjacent to their skin, absorbing excess wet together with oil. It also serves to repel parasites that would otherwise laid upward housekeeping alongside the feathers, causing peel together with plumage damage, irritation, weight loss together with interfere with egg production together with fertility. In hot weather, chickens dig downward into the basis to ease inwards cooler soil.
EE: abbreviation for the hybrid chicken, Easter Egger
EAR TUFTS: feathers growing from a flap of peel only below the ear of some Araucana chickens, which is inherited genetically. Chick inheriting the tufted factor from both parents volition kicking the bucket prior to hatch.
EGG BINDING: the emergency status occurring when an egg is stuck inwards a hen's reproductive tract. Risk factors for egg binding include: a calcium or other nutritional deficiency, obesity, an excessively large or misshapen egg together with an oviduct infection, to cite a few. Symptoms of egg binding resemble full general symptoms of a sick chicken including, loss of appetite, disinterest inwards drinking, frequent, uncharacteristic sitting, droopy/depressed/pale comb together with wattles.
EGG SONG: vocalizations hens may brand earlier or later egg-laying.
EGGLETS: Chicken Chick slang for hatching eggs (noun)
EGG TOOTH: the difficult tooth-like construction on the tip of a chick's nib used to suspension through the eggshell during hatch.
ELECTROLYTES: a mineral/salts mixture added to H2O during times of stress, daze or dehydration to restore a chicken's natural balance.
FEATHER PICKING: a behavioral occupation that tin plow over the sack survive caused past times a diverseness of factors including, stress from crowded living conditions, constant lite together with nutritional deficiencies, to cite a few.
FLOG: term used to depict an laid on past times a chicken on a somebody or some other chicken, virtually ofttimes perpetrated past times an aggressive rooster, which may involve jumping onto a victim and/or beating it with its wings.
FREE-RANGE FLOCK: chickens with unrestricted access to a yard or pasture inwards comparing to chickens that are primarily confined to a chicken yard during the day.
FRIZZLE: a genetically determined plumage type that curls backwards together with away from a chicken's body. Frizzled feathers tin plow over the sack occur inwards a diverseness of breeds, virtually commonly, Cochins together with Polish.
GIZZARD: the musculus inwards a chicken’s digestive tract responsible for grinding fibrous nutrient with the aid of grit (sand/stones/oyster shells)
GROWER FEED: chicken feed formulated for adolescent, growing chickens that is ordinarily fed from ix to 20 weeks.
HARDWARE CLOTH: 1/4" or 1/2" welded wire mesh fencing used inwards chicken coops together with runs to protect against predators.
HEN: a woman somebody chicken that is at to the lowest degree i twelvemonth of age.
HOCK: the articulation on a chicken's leg inwards a higher house the shank.
HONE: nib filing performed past times a chicken to maintain its shape together with length. achieved past times wiping the nib on difficult objects. Confined chickens should survive provided with access to a stone or similar object for honing purposes. Scissor-beaked chickens unable to hone their beaks properly, demand regular nib trimming or filing.
hatch eggs naturally nether a hen or with an incubator.
KEEL: role of a chicken's thorax os where the fly muscles attach.
LAYER/LAYING HEN: an adult, woman somebody chicken producing eggs.
LAYER FEED/LAYER RATION: a nutritionally consummate chicken feed formulated with calcium for laying hens.
LITTER: the stuff placed on the flooring of a chicken coop for the purpose of absorbing wet from droppings together with facilitating waste materials management (typically pino shavings or sand). Also misleadingly referred to every bit bedding because chickens do non slumber on the flooring of the coop.
MOLT: the regular shedding together with increase of novel feathers.
NECROPSY: a postal service mortem exam of a chicken performed to create upward one's take heed the drive of death. Sometimes sick chickens are euthanized to create upward one's take heed the drive of illness inwards social club to protect remaning flock members if possible.
NEST BOX: a box within a chicken coop designed for hens to lay their eggs in.
NEST BOX CURTAINS: stuff roofing the entrances to nest boxes that render privacy for broody together with laying hens, discourage vent-picking together with egg-eating together with are also stinkin' cute non to hang inwards a well-appointed chicken coop.
NIPPLE WATERER aka: PNW or nipple drinker. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 scheme of H2O delivery to chickens inwards which the H2O is housed inwards a container together with released when chickens peck upwards at a blunt metallic pivot containing a ball bearing. The primary wages to nipple drinkers is that H2O cannot survive fouled past times chicken droppings or litter every bit with other types of poultry drinkers.
OLIVE EGGER: a chicken that is produced past times crossing any dark chocolate-brown egg-laying breed (Barnevelder, Empordanesa, Marans, Pendesenca or Welsummers) with a bluish egg-laying breed (Ameraucanas, Araucanas, Cream Legbar). Hens produced from these pairings are hybrids that volition create olive light-green eggs.
OYSTER SHELL: a source of calcium carbonate offered to laying hens free-choice every bit a dietary supplement inwards social club to ensure the powerfulness to create rigid eggshells. Each laying hen has unlike calcium requirements together with volition eat every bit much every bit they need. Crushed, clean, dried eggshells may survive combined with oyster shells, but eggshells lone are non an adequate source of supplemental calcium.
PASTY BUTT: also known every bit pasted vent together with pasting up is a status that occurs inwards infant chicks when droppings stick to the downward surrounding their vent. Poop builds upward to shape a blockage that tin plow over the sack survive fatal to the chicken unless removed.
PECKING ORDER: the social hierarchy of a flock. Chickens higher inwards the pecking social club eat first, bask the best dust bathroom areas together with preferred roost positions.
EGG SONG: vocalizations hens may brand earlier or later egg-laying.
EGG TOOTH: the difficult tooth-like construction on the tip of a chick's nib used to suspension through the eggshell during hatch.
ELECTROLYTES: a mineral/salts mixture added to H2O during times of stress, daze or dehydration to restore a chicken's natural balance.
FREE-RANGE FLOCK: chickens with unrestricted access to a yard or pasture inwards comparing to chickens that are primarily confined to a chicken yard during the day.
FRIZZLE: a genetically determined plumage type that curls backwards together with away from a chicken's body. Frizzled feathers tin plow over the sack occur inwards a diverseness of breeds, virtually commonly, Cochins together with Polish.
GIZZARD: the musculus inwards a chicken’s digestive tract responsible for grinding fibrous nutrient with the aid of grit (sand/stones/oyster shells)
Actual chicken gizzard during necropsy
GRIT: hard materials such as sand, dirt or pocket-sized stones that assistance inwards digestion. Since chickens bring no teeth, fibrous foods are basis with grit inwards the gizzard, which is a musculus inwards the digestive tract. Chickens foraging exterior volition naturally pick upward bits of grit from the ground, those that do non provender exterior must bring grit supplied to them.HARDWARE CLOTH: 1/4" or 1/2" welded wire mesh fencing used inwards chicken coops together with runs to protect against predators.
HEN: a woman somebody chicken that is at to the lowest degree i twelvemonth of age.
HOCK: the articulation on a chicken's leg inwards a higher house the shank.
HONE: nib filing performed past times a chicken to maintain its shape together with length. achieved past times wiping the nib on difficult objects. Confined chickens should survive provided with access to a stone or similar object for honing purposes. Scissor-beaked chickens unable to hone their beaks properly, demand regular nib trimming or filing.
hatch eggs naturally nether a hen or with an incubator.
KEEL: role of a chicken's thorax os where the fly muscles attach.
LAYER FEED/LAYER RATION: a nutritionally consummate chicken feed formulated with calcium for laying hens.
LITTER: the stuff placed on the flooring of a chicken coop for the purpose of absorbing wet from droppings together with facilitating waste materials management (typically pino shavings or sand). Also misleadingly referred to every bit bedding because chickens do non slumber on the flooring of the coop.
MOLT: the regular shedding together with increase of novel feathers.
NECROPSY: a postal service mortem exam of a chicken performed to create upward one's take heed the drive of death. Sometimes sick chickens are euthanized to create upward one's take heed the drive of illness inwards social club to protect remaning flock members if possible.
NEST BOX: a box within a chicken coop designed for hens to lay their eggs in.
NEST BOX CURTAINS: stuff roofing the entrances to nest boxes that render privacy for broody together with laying hens, discourage vent-picking together with egg-eating together with are also stinkin' cute non to hang inwards a well-appointed chicken coop.
NIPPLE WATERER aka: PNW or nipple drinker. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 scheme of H2O delivery to chickens inwards which the H2O is housed inwards a container together with released when chickens peck upwards at a blunt metallic pivot containing a ball bearing. The primary wages to nipple drinkers is that H2O cannot survive fouled past times chicken droppings or litter every bit with other types of poultry drinkers.
OLIVE EGGER: a chicken that is produced past times crossing any dark chocolate-brown egg-laying breed (Barnevelder, Empordanesa, Marans, Pendesenca or Welsummers) with a bluish egg-laying breed (Ameraucanas, Araucanas, Cream Legbar). Hens produced from these pairings are hybrids that volition create olive light-green eggs.
PASTY BUTT: also known every bit pasted vent together with pasting up is a status that occurs inwards infant chicks when droppings stick to the downward surrounding their vent. Poop builds upward to shape a blockage that tin plow over the sack survive fatal to the chicken unless removed.
PECKING ORDER: the social hierarchy of a flock. Chickens higher inwards the pecking social club eat first, bask the best dust bathroom areas together with preferred roost positions.
PIN FEATHER: a newly emerging plumage contained within a vein-filled shaft with a waxy coating that is sensitive together with volition bleed if cutting or injured. Once the plumage unfurls, the vein dries up. aka: blood feather
PIP: a hole made past times a chick hatching from its eggshell with its egg tooth.
PNW: abbreviation for poultry nipple waterer. a scheme of H2O delivery to chickens inwards which H2O is housed inwards a container together with released when chickens peck upwards at a blunt metallic pivot containing a ball bearing. The primary wages to nipple drinkers is that H2O cannot survive fouled past times chicken droppings or litter every bit with other types of poultry drinkers.
POINT OF LAY: the historic menses at which a pullet is expected to beingness producing eggs (average range=5-7 months)
PROLAPSE: also known every bit prolapsed oviduct, blow-out, cloacal prolapse, or pickout, … “is a status inwards which the lower role of a hen’s oviduct turns within out together with protrudes through the vent.”
PULLET: a woman somebody chicken less than 1 twelvemonth old.
RATION: a nutritionally consummate feed for chickens.
ROO: slang for rooster
ROOLET: Chicken Chick slang for a young, manlike somebody chicken
PIP: a hole made past times a chick hatching from its eggshell with its egg tooth.
PROLAPSE: also known every bit prolapsed oviduct, blow-out, cloacal prolapse, or pickout, … “is a status inwards which the lower role of a hen’s oviduct turns within out together with protrudes through the vent.”
PULLET: a woman somebody chicken less than 1 twelvemonth old.
RATION: a nutritionally consummate feed for chickens.
ROO: slang for rooster
ROOLET: Chicken Chick slang for a young, manlike somebody chicken
ROOSTER: a manlike somebody chicken that is at to the lowest degree 1 twelvemonth old.
ROOST: a branch or board chickens stand upward on at dark to slumber or piece resting during the day.
RUMPLESS: a chicken trait that describes the absence of a tail os together with tail. Araucanas are a rumpless breed.
RUN: a fenced, outdoor enclosure attached to a chicken coop. aka: chicken run or pen
SADDLE: a mating, injuries, self feather-picking or feather picking from other chickens.
SCRATCH: a chicken care for consisting primarily of cracked corn together with a number of grains. It is a source of energy, (think: carbs) but is non a practiced source of vitamins, minerals or protein. In mutual depression temperature weather, chickens expend extra unloose energy to continue warm together with a small amount of scratch just earlier dusk is a decent source of energy, but also much tin plow over the sack contribute to obesity together with obesity-related deaths.
SEXED: chicks that bring been sorted past times gender past times anatomical examination within 24 hours later hatching, ofttimes sold every bit "sexed pullets." Sexing of twenty-four hours onetime chicks is roughly 90% accurate, therefore, sexed chicks tin plow over the sack survive male.
SEXING: i of many processes of identifying a chicken’s gender.
SHANK: the part of a chicken's leg betwixt its hock together with toes
STRAIGHT RUN: a grouping of chicks that bring non been sorted past times gender.
SUBMISSIVE SQUAT: the deferential posture a sexually mature pullet or hen assumes when she is approached past times a rooster for mating. She crouches down, spreads her wings to the side for residual together with lowers her tail for the rooster to “tread” her (or hop on her dorsum together with do his thang). She may also display the submissive squat when approached past times a person, peculiarly when a manus is extended to pet her.
TREADING: the mode inwards which a rooster prepares to mate a hen, which resembles a piggy-back ride, standing on her back, asset her cervix feathers with his nib together with steadying himself with his feet.
WATTLES: fleshy, blood-red flaps of peel located underneath a chicken’s nib together with chin.
ZIPPING: the activity of a chick during hatch every bit it chips away at the circumference of the eggshell with its egg tooth. (might to a greater extent than sensibly survive called un-zipping)
ROOST: a branch or board chickens stand upward on at dark to slumber or piece resting during the day.
RUMPLESS: a chicken trait that describes the absence of a tail os together with tail. Araucanas are a rumpless breed.
RUN: a fenced, outdoor enclosure attached to a chicken coop. aka: chicken run or pen
SADDLE: a mating, injuries, self feather-picking or feather picking from other chickens.
SCRATCH: a chicken care for consisting primarily of cracked corn together with a number of grains. It is a source of energy, (think: carbs) but is non a practiced source of vitamins, minerals or protein. In mutual depression temperature weather, chickens expend extra unloose energy to continue warm together with a small amount of scratch just earlier dusk is a decent source of energy, but also much tin plow over the sack contribute to obesity together with obesity-related deaths.
SEXED: chicks that bring been sorted past times gender past times anatomical examination within 24 hours later hatching, ofttimes sold every bit "sexed pullets." Sexing of twenty-four hours onetime chicks is roughly 90% accurate, therefore, sexed chicks tin plow over the sack survive male.
SEXING: i of many processes of identifying a chicken’s gender.
SHANK: the part of a chicken's leg betwixt its hock together with toes
SPURS: spurs are appendages towards the dorsum of a rooster's shanks that are used for defensive fighting together with flock protection. Spurs grow out of the shank os together with are covered past times a a hard, cone-shaped, horn-like stuff much similar a thick fingernail. As a rooster ages, spurs demand trimming to avoid injuries to the rooster himself, flock-mates together with chicken keepers. Some hens tin plow over the sack grow spurs too.
STARTER FEED: nutritionally consummate ration for chicks upward to 8 weeks old, available inwards both coccidiosis, a mutual together with deadly intestinal affliction that is spread inwards fecal thing inwards warm, moist litter conditions. Chicks that bring received the coccidiosis vaccine should non survive fed medicated starter, every bit the amprolium volition homecoming the vaccine useless together with the chicks vulnerable to the disease. STRAIGHT RUN: a grouping of chicks that bring non been sorted past times gender.
SUBMISSIVE SQUAT: the deferential posture a sexually mature pullet or hen assumes when she is approached past times a rooster for mating. She crouches down, spreads her wings to the side for residual together with lowers her tail for the rooster to “tread” her (or hop on her dorsum together with do his thang). She may also display the submissive squat when approached past times a person, peculiarly when a manus is extended to pet her.
TREADING: the mode inwards which a rooster prepares to mate a hen, which resembles a piggy-back ride, standing on her back, asset her cervix feathers with his nib together with steadying himself with his feet.
VENT: the opening to the cloaca from which droppings are eliminated together with eggs emerge.
ZIPPING: the activity of a chick during hatch every bit it chips away at the circumference of the eggshell with its egg tooth. (might to a greater extent than sensibly survive called un-zipping)
The Chicken Health Handbook, Damerow, Gail. Storey Publishing,